Haemorrhoids are a very common cause of rectal bleeding, discomfort, and irritation. While many people manage symptoms with diet, creams, or minor procedures, some patients continue to experience persistent or recurrent problems. Haemorrhoid artery embolisation (HAE) is a newer, minimally invasive treatment option that shuts down abnormal blood vessels that cause haemorrhoids.
What are haemorrhoids?
Haemorrhoids are enlarged blood vessels in the rectum and anus, caused by increased pressure in the lower rectum due to straining, pregnancy, chronic constipation, or aging. They can be very painful and common symptoms include pain, itching, and bright red blood on toilet paper.
How does HAE work?
Haemorrhoid artery embolisation works by reducing the blood flow to the abnormal vessels that cause haemorrhoids. The procedure is performed by an interventional radiologist using image guidance rather than surgery. A small tube (catheter) is inserted, usually through a tiny puncture in the wrist or groin and guided to the arteries supplying the haemorrhoids. These vessels are then blocked using very small particles, coils or glue (or a combination) that reduces the swelling within the haemorrhoid and relieve bleeding and other symptoms.
About the HAE procedure
Haemorrhoid artery embolisation is typically done under twilight sedation, meaning patients are comfortable but not fully asleep. It usually takes about 45–90 minutes, and most people go home the same day. Because there are no surgical incisions made, pain is generally mild compared to traditional haemorrhoid surgery, and recovery is quicker.
How long does HAE take to work?
Patients often notice improvement in symptoms within days to weeks. Serious complications are very uncommon when performed by experienced interventional radiologists.
How effective is HAE?
Haemorrhoid artery embolisation is a very effective and safe treatment for internal haemorrhoids with success rates of 80%. It is particularly effective for controlling bleeding, especially in grade 1-3 haemorrhoids. Repeat treatment may be required in a small number of cases (20%) if re-bleeding or recurrence is experienced.
Benefits of HAE
HAE has a high success rate and is a minimally invasive outpatient procedure that means you will recover quicker. It also has a low risk of complications and preserves continence.
Is HAE suitable for me?
Haemorrhoid artery embolisation is not suitable for everyone, but it can be a valuable option for patients with ongoing bleeding haemorrhoids who want to avoid surgery or who experience repeat symptoms after surgery. If you think HAE could help you, discuss this technique with your doctor or a specialist to determine whether it is appropriate for you.
Interventional radiology treatment for HAE in Queensland.
Vascular and Interventional Radiology Queensland (VIRQ) is a specialist vascular interventional radiology service comprised of highly skilled and passionate specialists across Brisbane, Sunshine Coast, Ipswich, Toowoomba and Cairns. We provide cutting-edge procedures interventional radiology procedures including haemorrhoid artery embolisation. Speak with your GP or specialist for a referral to learn more about HAE.