What is Genicular Artery Embolisation?
Genicular artery embolisation (GAE) is a modern treatment for osteoarthritis associated knee pain, performed by Interventional Radiologists. During this minimally invasive procedure, a microcatheter is used to access tiny vessels around the knee (Genicular arteries) to deliver microparticles that reduce blood flow to the inflamed joint lining. In doing so, inflammation and associated nerve sensitivity is reduced, improving overall function.
How does a GAE procedure work?
GAE is performed in a specialised operating theatre with x-ray capability, under sedation and local anaesthetic. The interventional radiologist uses ultrasound to guide a small tube into the top of the foot or groin, and then navigates a microcatheter (soft plastic tube) into the knee vessels (genicular arteries) to deliver the treatment. A typical procedure takes 45 minutes, and patients are ready to go home 2 hours afterwards.
Benefits of GAE
Genicular Artery Embolisation is considered a minimally invasive. Benefits include:
Pain Reduction
Pain can take time to settle following the procedure, as the inflammatory vessels and nerves progressively shut down. The collective body of single arm case control data shows a significant pain reduction and functional improvement in 70 – 90% of subjects who underwent genicular artery embolization, and results can be sustained beyond 2 years post procedure.
Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39322180/
Minimally Invasive
GAE is completed under local anaesthetic and light sedation and does not require a general anaesthetic or overnight stay in hospital. The use of microcatheters ensures this procedure does not require skin incisions, stitches, or a prolonged post-operative healing.
Rapid Recovery
GAE patients can generally return to daily routines and physiotherapy within 2 to 3 days.
Long-Lasting Relief
Research collectively shows a significant pain reduction and functional improvement in 70 – 90% of subjects who underwent genicular artery embolization, and results can be sustained beyond 2 years post procedure.
Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39322180/
Delay to major surgery
GAE can help with pain and improve function for people with mild to moderate osteoarthritis awaiting or intentionally delaying knee replacement.
Risks of GAE
Complications post GAE are rare. Some people have a transient worsening of pain post procedure and skin blanching, which settles with time and simple analgesia. 15-30% of patients may not experience pain relief following the procedure, and in these instances, it is reasonable to consider repeat treatment.
Who is GAE suitable for?
GAE has been shown to be effective at reducing pain in people with mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis, including those that have failed conservative treatments and steroid injections. Before the procedure, your Surgeon or Interventional radiologist will order an x-ray, MRI and examine your knee to determine whether this procedure is right for you.
Geniculate Artery Embolisation by Interventional Radiology in Queensland
Vascular and Interventional Radiology Queensland (VIRQ)Â is a specialist vascular interventional radiology service comprised of highly skilled and passionate specialists across Brisbane, Sunshine Coast, Ipswich, Toowoomba and Cairns. We provide cutting-edge procedures interventional radiology procedures including genicular artery embolisation. Speak with your GP or specialist for a referral to learn more about GAE.